Omazibuthe sebehambe ibanga elide kusukela ezinsukwini zobusha bakho lapho uchitha amahora amaningi uhlela labomazibuthe bezinhlamvu zepulasitiki abanemibala egqamile emnyango wesiqandisi sikamama wakho.Ozibuthe banamuhla banamandla kunangaphambili futhi ukuhlukahluka kwabo kubenza babe usizo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ozibuthe bomhlaba abayivelakancane kanye ne-ceramic - ikakhulukazi omagnethi abakhulu bomhlaba abayivelakancane - baguqule izimboni eziningi namabhizinisi ngokwandisa inani lezinhlelo zokusebenza noma ukwenza izinhlelo ezikhona zisebenze kahle.Nakuba abanikazi bamabhizinisi abaningi bebazi laba kazibuthe, ukuqonda ukuthi yini eyenza bahluke kungase kudide.Nansi incazelo esheshayo yomehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili zozibuthe, kanye ne-synopsis yezinzuzo zabo ezihlobene nokubi:
Umhlaba ongavamile
Lezi zibuthe ezinamandla ngokwedlulele zingase zenziwe i-neodymium noma i-samarium, zombili eziyingxenye yochungechunge lwezakhi ze-lanthanide.I-Samarium yaqala ukusetshenziswa ngeminyaka yawo-1970s, ngozibuthe be-neodymium ababeqala ukusetshenziswa ngawo-1980.Kokubili i-neodymium ne-samarium zingamamagnethi aqinile angavamile emhlabeni futhi asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni eziningi zezimboni ezihlanganisa izinjini zomoya ezinamandla kakhulu namajeneretha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesayensi.
I-Neodymium
Kwesinye isikhathi okuthiwa ngozibuthe be-NdFeB bezakhi eziqukethwe - i-neodymium, i-iron ne-boron, noma nje i-NIB - omazibuthe be-neodymium bangamazibuthe abaqine kakhulu abakhona.Umkhiqizo omkhulu wamandla (BHmax) walezi zidonsa, omele amandla ayisisekelo, ungaba ngaphezu kwe-50MGOe.
Leyo BHmax ephakeme - cishe izikhathi ezingu-10 ephakeme kunozibuthe we-ceramic - ibenza ibe yinhle kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa kukhona i-tradeoff: i-neodymium inokumelana okuphansi nokucindezeleka okushisayo, okusho ukuthi uma idlula izinga lokushisa elithile, izolahlekelwa amandla ayo. ukusebenza.I-Tmax yezibuthe ze-neodymium ingu-150 degrees Celsius, cishe ingxenye ye-samarium cobalt noma i-ceramic.(Qaphela ukuthi izinga lokushisa eliqondile lapho omazibuthe belahlekelwa amandla abo lapho bechayeke ekushiseni lingahluka ngokususelwa kungxubevange.)
Izibuthe zingaqhathaniswa futhi ngokusekelwe ku-Tcurie yabo.Lapho omazibuthe beshiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elingaphezu kwe-Tmax yabo, ezimweni eziningi bangalulama uma sebepholile;i-Tcurie izinga lokushisa elingaphezu kwalokho ukutholakala okungeke kwenzeke.Kuzibuthe we-neodymium, i-Tcurie ingu-310 degrees Celsius;ozibuthe be-neodymium abashiselwe noma badlule kulelo zinga lokushisa ngeke bakwazi ukubuyisela ukusebenza lapho bepholile.Kokubili omagnethi be-samarium kanye ne-ceramic bane-Tcuries ephakeme, okubenza babe ukukhetha okungcono kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezishisa kakhulu.
Ozibuthe be-Neodymium bamelana kakhulu nokukhishwa uzibuthe ngamasimu kazibuthe angaphandle, kodwa bavame ukugqwala futhi omazibuthe abaningi baboshwe ukuze bavikeleke ekugqwaleni.
Samarium Cobalt
ISamarium cobalt, noma i-SaCo, omazibuthe baqala ukutholakala ngeminyaka yawo-1970s, futhi kusukela lapho, basetshenziswe ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.Nakuba bengenamandla njengozibuthe we-neodymium - omazibuthe be-samarium cobalt ngokuvamile bane-BHmax engaba ngu-26 - lawa mamagnet anenzuzo yokukwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphakeme kakhulu kunozibuthe be-neodymium.I-Tmax ye-samarium cobalt uzibuthe ingu-300 degrees Celsius, kanti i-Tcurie ingaba ngu-750 degrees Celsius.Amandla azo ahlobene ahlanganiswe namandla azo okumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu awenza alungele ukusetshenziswa kokushisa okuphezulu.Ngokungafani nozibuthe be-neodymium, omagnethi be-samarium cobalt banokumelana okuhle nokugqwala;futhi bavame ukuba nephuzu lentengo eliphakeme kunozibuthe be-neodymium.
I-Ceramic
Benziwe nge-barium ferrite noma i-strontium, omazibuthe be-ceramic sebenesikhathi eside kunozibuthe basemhlabeni abangavamile futhi baqala ukusetshenziswa ngawo-1960.Ozibuthe be-Ceramic ngokuvamile ababizi kakhulu kunozibuthe bomhlaba abayivelakancane kodwa abanamandla kangako nge-BHmax evamile engaba ngu-3.5 - cishe ingxenye yeshumi noma ngaphansi kwaleyo yomazibuthe we-neodymium noma we-samarium cobalt.
Mayelana nokushisa, izibuthe ze-ceramic zine-Tmax engu-300 degrees Celsius futhi, njengozibuthe be-samarium, i-Tcurie engu-460 degrees Celsius.Ozibuthe be-Ceramic amelana kakhulu nokugqwala futhi ngokuvamile abadingi noma yikuphi ukunamathela okuvikelayo.Zilula ukwenza uzibuthe futhi zibiza kancane kunozibuthe we-neodymium noma we-samarium cobalt;Nokho, omazibuthe be-ceramic abanamandla kakhulu, okubenza bakhethe kabi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibandakanya ukuguquguquka okukhulu noma ingcindezi.Ozibuthe be-Ceramic bavame ukusetshenziselwa imibukiso yasekilasini kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni nezamabhizinisi ezinamandla kancane, njengamajeneretha ebanga eliphansi noma izinjini zomoya.Angase futhi asetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zasekhaya nasekukhiqizeni amashidi kazibuthe nezimpawu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-09-2022
